Overview
Paraphrasing means expressing the same idea using different words and sentence structures without changing the meaning. Techniques include using synonyms, changing word class (nominalisation), changing voice (active/passive), and restructuring clauses. It is a core academic writing skill.
Paraphrasing techniques
- synonymsbig → significant / show → demonstrate / use → utilise
- structureActive → Passive: The team developed the app → The app was developed by the team.
- nominalisationShe decided → Her decision / They agreed → Their agreement
- connectorsbecause → due to / despite → in spite of
Good paraphrasing rules
- Change both vocabulary AND structure.
- Keep the original meaning intact.
- Do NOT copy the original word order.
- Understand the text fully before paraphrasing.
Common Mistakes
- ❌ Changing only one word = not real paraphrasing.
- ❌ Due to it was raining … → ✅ Due to the rain … (noun, not clause)
- ❌ The product developed by the team. → ✅ The product was developed by the team.
When to use
Academic writing
Sales rose significantly → There was a significant rise in sales.
Exam writing
She decided to leave → Her decision to leave surprised everyone.
Journalism
The company grew quickly → The company experienced rapid growth.
Report writing
The findings show → The results demonstrate …